This psychiatrist defined eleven therapeutic factors of group treatment.

• A. Carl Jung
• B. Sigmund Freud
• C. Irvin D. Yalom
• D. Carl Rogers

Answer: (C)

The question tests your understanding of who organized the influential framework of how group therapy works. Irvin D. Yalom is the psychologist who identified eleven therapeutic factors that explain the mechanisms of change in group treatment. This set includes universality, installation of hope, imparting information, altruism, imitative behavior, interpersonal learning, group cohesiveness, catharsis, development of socializing techniques, corrective recapitulation of the primary family group, and existential factors. These factors are central to guiding how group therapists facilitate growth and monitor progress.

Other prominent figures—Carl Jung, Sigmund Freud, and Carl Rogers—made foundational contributions to psychology and therapy, but they did not define this particular list of eleven therapeutic factors for group work.